Diseases
extrapyramidal disorders
For healthcare professionals — reference only. This page is a brief summary, not medical advice and not a substitute for official labeling or clinical judgement. Always verify before prescribing or dispensing.
Overview
Extrapyramidal disorders refer to all disorders or dysfunctions of the extrapyramidal system, which groups together several areas of the brain interconnected by complex neuronal circuits. They combine three main symptoms: resting tremor, akinesia and hypertonia.
Symptoms
- repetitive, involuntary facial movements, such as tongue twisting
- chewing motions and lip smacking
- cheek puffing, and grimacing.
- changes in gait
- jerky limb movements, or shrugging.
Causes
- dopamine blockade or depletion in the basal ganglia
Risk factors
- gender (female)
- age (elder)
- high d2 receptor antagonism effect of antipsychotics
Diagnosis
- blood test.
- signs and symptoms
Medicines used
Frequently asked questions
What is extrapyramidal disorders?
Extrapyramidal disorders refer to all disorders or dysfunctions of the extrapyramidal system, which groups together several areas of the brain interconnected by complex neuronal circuits. They combine three main symptoms: resting tremor, akinesia and hypertonia.
What are the symptoms of extrapyramidal disorders?
repetitive, involuntary facial movements, such as tongue twisting, chewing motions and lip smacking, cheek puffing, and grimacing., changes in gait, jerky limb movements, or shrugging.
What causes extrapyramidal disorders?
dopamine blockade or depletion in the basal ganglia
Which medicines are used for extrapyramidal disorders?
benztropine, biperiden, procyclidine, trihexyphenidyl
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