Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disorder, frequently seen, that produces red, scaly, greasy patches on areas rich in oil glands, such as the scalp, face and chest. It occurs in babies, teenagers and adults and is slightly more frequent in men; dandruff is its mild scalp form. The cause is not fully understood; Malassezia yeast, skin barrier changes, oil gland activity and genetic susceptibility seem to contribute, and stress, tiredness or cold weather can trigger flares. Affected skin shows white or yellowish flakes, sometimes itchy or sore, mainly on the scalp, eyebrows, nose creases, ears and chest. Diagnosis usually rests on the appearance and location of the rash; biopsy is rarely needed. No cure exists, so treatment aims at long-term control with antifungal products, mild topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors for inflammation, and keratolytics such as salicylic acid to lift thick scale.

Seek urgent care for a rapidly spreading rash with fever, a rash with blisters or peeling, or facial swelling. See a doctor for skin changes that do not improve with over-the-counter treatment after a few weeks, a mole that changes, or acne that is scarring or affecting your confidence. Call the local emergency number for any symptom that is sudden and severe. This page is a reference for healthcare professionals and does not replace an assessment.