1 / 5 · Mechanism of action
Apixaban prevents stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation by which mechanism?
- Inhibition of vitamin K epoxide reductase
- Inhibition of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
- Direct inhibition of thrombin (factor IIa)
- Direct, selective inhibition of free and clot-bound factor Xa
- Binding antithrombin to accelerate factor Xa inactivation
عرض الإجابة والشرح
الإجابة الصحيحة: D. Direct, selective inhibition of free and clot-bound factor Xa
Apixaban, rivaroxaban and edoxaban are direct factor Xa inhibitors that do not require antithrombin. Dabigatran is the oral direct thrombin inhibitor, and heparins act through antithrombin.
2 / 5 · Drug interactions
A patient who takes atorvastatin drinks large amounts of grapefruit juice. What is the pharmacist's best advice?
- Limit grapefruit juice because intestinal CYP3A4 inhibition can raise atorvastatin levels
- Grapefruit juice lowers atorvastatin efficacy, so take double the dose
- Grapefruit juice only matters with penicillins
- Grapefruit has no interactions with any drug
- Take the statin only in the morning to avoid the effect
عرض الإجابة والشرح
الإجابة الصحيحة: A. Limit grapefruit juice because intestinal CYP3A4 inhibition can raise atorvastatin levels
Grapefruit juice irreversibly inhibits intestinal CYP3A4; the effect is greater for simvastatin and lovastatin than atorvastatin, but large quantities (over 1.2 L per day) may raise exposure. Pravastatin and rosuvastatin are unaffected.