Diseases
hyponatremia
For healthcare professionals — reference only. This page is a brief summary, not medical advice and not a substitute for official labeling or clinical judgement. Always verify before prescribing or dispensing.
Overview
Hyponatremia occurs when the concentration of sodium in your blood is abnormally low. Sodium is an electrolyte, and it helps regulate the amount of water that's in and around your cells.
Symptoms
- nausea and vomiting
- headache
- confusion
- loss of energy, drowsiness and fatigue
- restlessness and irritability
Causes
- some medications, such as some water pills (diuretics), antidepressants and pain medications
- heart, kidney and liver problems. congestive heart failure and certain diseases affecting the kidneys
- chronic, severe vomiting or diarrhea and other causes of dehydration
Risk factors
- age. older adults may have more contributing factors for hyponatremia
- medications that increase your risk of hyponatremia include thiazide diuretics
Diagnosis
- physical exam.
- medical history.
- urinalysis
Medicines used
Frequently asked questions
What is hyponatremia?
Hyponatremia occurs when the concentration of sodium in your blood is abnormally low. Sodium is an electrolyte, and it helps regulate the amount of water that's in and around your cells.
What are the symptoms of hyponatremia?
nausea and vomiting, headache, confusion, loss of energy, drowsiness and fatigue, restlessness and irritability
What causes hyponatremia?
some medications, such as some water pills (diuretics), antidepressants and pain medications; heart, kidney and liver problems. congestive heart failure and certain diseases affecting the kidneys; chronic, severe vomiting or diarrhea and other causes of dehydration
Which medicines are used for hyponatremia?
tolvaptan
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