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Lopinavir

Lopinavir is a medicine in the class anti virals. It is used for hiv.

最後更新 來源: US FDA label

僅供醫療專業人員參考。本頁為簡要摘要，並非醫療建議，亦不能取代官方仿單或臨床判斷。開立處方或調劑前請務必核實。

本頁的臨床內容僅提供英文版。

重點資訊

藥物類別
Anti Virals
已知交互作用
274 (禁忌併用: 16 · 嚴重: 115 · 中度: 128 · 輕微: 15)

用途

作用方式

HIV-1 protease inhibitor; antiviral activity of the lopinavir/ritonavir combination is due to lopinavir, while ritonavir inhibits CYP3A metabolism of lopinavir and raises its plasma levels.

成人常用劑量（仿單摘要）

HIV-1 infection: tablets 400/100 mg (two 200/50 mg tablets) twice daily, or oral solution 400/100 mg (5 mL) twice daily, with other antiretrovirals

僅摘錄仿單中第一行劑量說明；完整的劑量內容請見 App。

懷孕與哺乳

懷孕
Safe Antiretroviral pregnancy registry data show no rise in birth defects. In pregnancy give 400/100 mg twice daily (once-daily dosing is not recommended) and avoid the oral solution, which contains about 42% alcohol and propylene glycol. Can be part of HIV treatment.
哺乳
Safe Low levels pass into milk and reach some infants' blood; no infant harm clearly caused. US label: do not breastfeed (HIV transmission, resistance). Current US guidance supports breastfeeding only with sustained viral suppression after counselling; otherwise avoid.

已通報的副作用

  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Headache
  • Asthenia

禁忌症

  • Hypersensitivity to any ingredient, including ritonavir (e.g., toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme).
  • Co-administration with drugs highly dependent on CYP3A for clearance where elevated levels cause serious or life-threatening reactions.
  • Co-administration with potent CYP3A inducers (loss of virologic response); Table 3 lists alfuzosin, rifampin, ergot derivatives, cisapride, St. John's Wort, lovastatin, simvastatin, sildenafil (Revatio), pimozide, triazolam, oral midazolam.

哪些人需要特別留意

  • CYP3A inhibition can raise levels of concomitant drugs, causing severe or fatal events; review all medications.
  • Pancreatitis, including fatalities; suspend therapy as clinically appropriate if suspected.
  • Hepatotoxicity: monitor liver function, especially with underlying hepatitis B or C or cirrhosis.

請告知藥師或醫師您是否懷孕或哺乳、是否患有腎臟或肝臟疾病、是否有過敏，以及您正在使用的所有其他藥物或保健品。

重要交互作用 (274)

All 274 interactions, with severity and what to do

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  • Dosing by age, kidney and liver function, and further dose lines
  • Renal and hepatic dose adjustments
  • Paediatric dosing
  • Dosing in older adults
  • How to give it
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Patient counselling points
  • Food interactions
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同類別的其他藥品

常見問題

What is Lopinavir used for?

Lopinavir is a medicine in the class anti virals. It is used for HIV.

What side effects have been reported with Lopinavir?

Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Headache, Asthenia.

Can Lopinavir be taken in pregnancy or while breastfeeding?

Pregnancy: Safe. Antiretroviral pregnancy registry data show no rise in birth defects. In pregnancy give 400/100 mg twice daily (once-daily dosing is not recommended) and avoid the oral solution, which contains about 42% alcohol and propylene glycol. Can be part of HIV treatment. Breastfeeding: Safe. Low levels pass into milk and reach some infants' blood; no infant harm clearly caused. US label: do not breastfeed (HIV transmission, resistance). Current US guidance supports breastfeeding only with sustained viral suppression after counselling; otherwise avoid.

What does Lopinavir interact with?

MediHelp lists 274 known interactions for Lopinavir. Contraindicated: 16 · Major: 115 · Moderate: 128 · Minor: 15. The most serious include Alfuzosin, Avanafil, Cisapride.

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