Référentiel des médicaments
Pentamidine
Pentamidine is a medicine in the class anti parasitic. It is used for pneumonia.
- Classe médicamenteuse: Anti Parasitic
- Indications: pneumonia
Dernière mise à jour Sources: US FDA label
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L'essentiel
- Classe médicamenteuse
- Anti Parasitic
- Formes courantes
- injection, inhalateur
- Dosages courants
- 300 mg/3 ml, 300 mg/6 ml
- Interactions connues
- 156 (Contre-indiquée: 9 · Majeure: 113 · Modérée: 33 · Mineure: 1)
- Noms commerciaux
- 2
- Pays et marchés
- 1
Indications
Mécanisme d'action
Aromatic diamidine; mode of action not fully understood. In vitro it interferes with protozoal nuclear metabolism by inhibiting DNA, RNA, phospholipid and protein synthesis.
Posologie adulte habituelle (résumé de la notice)
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: 4 mg/kg once a day, IM or IV, for 14 to 21 days; therapy longer than 21 days may be associated with increased toxicity
Grossesse et allaitement
- Grossesse
- Unknown Very limited human data; a miscarriage was reported after 1st-trimester inhaled use (UK label). IV pentamidine was embryolethal in rats, without birth defects. US label: only if clearly needed; UK label: only if the mother's condition requires it. Treating serious infections such as PCP comes first.
- Allaitement
- Unknown Not known if it passes into milk; no LactMed record. UK label: stop breastfeeding during treatment; US label: decide on nursing or the drug. Inhaled use gives low blood levels, so infant exposure is likely lower, but there are no data.
Effets indésirables signalés
- Elevated serum creatinine
- Impaired renal function
- Sterile abscess, necrosis, pain or induration at IM site
- Leukopenia
- Elevated liver function tests
- Azotemia
Contre-indications
- History of hypersensitivity to pentamidine isethionate.
Précautions particulières
- Fatalities from severe hypotension, hypoglycemia, acute pancreatitis and cardiac arrhythmias have been reported with IM and IV use; limit use to patients with demonstrated Pneumocystis carinii.
- Sudden severe hypotension can occur after a single dose; patients should lie down with close blood pressure monitoring and resuscitation equipment available.
- Extravasation may cause ulceration, tissue necrosis or sloughing; discontinue the infusion and restart in another vein.
Informez votre pharmacien ou votre médecin en cas de grossesse ou d'allaitement, de maladie rénale ou hépatique, d'allergies, ainsi que de tout autre médicament ou complément que vous prenez.
Principales interactions (156)
- Clomipramine + Pentamidine Contraindicated
- Desipramine + Pentamidine Contraindicated
- Dronedarone + Pentamidine Contraindicated
- Moxifloxacin + Pentamidine Contraindicated
- Nortriptyline + Pentamidine Contraindicated
- Pentamidine + Pimozide Contraindicated
- Pentamidine + Thioridazine Contraindicated
- Pentamidine + Trimipramine Contraindicated
- Pentamidine + Ziprasidone Contraindicated
- Adefovir + Pentamidine Major
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- Dosing by age, kidney and liver function, and further dose lines
- Renal and hepatic dose adjustments
- Paediatric dosing
- Dosing in older adults
- How to give it
- Pharmacokinetics
- Patient counselling points
- IV preparation and dilution
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Questions fréquentes
What is Pentamidine used for?
Pentamidine is a medicine in the class anti parasitic. It is used for Pneumonia.
What side effects have been reported with Pentamidine?
Elevated serum creatinine, Impaired renal function, Sterile abscess, necrosis, pain or induration at IM site, Leukopenia, Elevated liver function tests, Azotemia.
Can Pentamidine be taken in pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
Pregnancy: Unknown. Very limited human data; a miscarriage was reported after 1st-trimester inhaled use (UK label). IV pentamidine was embryolethal in rats, without birth defects. US label: only if clearly needed; UK label: only if the mother's condition requires it. Treating serious infections such as PCP comes first. Breastfeeding: Unknown. Not known if it passes into milk; no LactMed record. UK label: stop breastfeeding during treatment; US label: decide on nursing or the drug. Inhaled use gives low blood levels, so infant exposure is likely lower, but there are no data.
What does Pentamidine interact with?
MediHelp lists 156 known interactions for Pentamidine. Contraindicated: 9 · Major: 113 · Moderate: 33 · Minor: 1. The most serious include Clomipramine, Desipramine, Dronedarone.
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